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1
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2
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- Element - A fundamental substance that cannot be chemically changed or
broken down.
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3
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4
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5
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6
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- A physical property is one that can be observed without changing the
makeup of a substance.
- Color, conductivity, density, melting point, boiling point, density,
hardness, and solubility are examples of physical properties.
- Changes that occur when observing physical properties are called physical
changes.
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7
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- A chemical property describes a chemical change (chemical reaction) that
a substance undergoes.
- Rusting of iron and caramelization of sugar are chemical changes.
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8
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- A sample of calcium (an electrically conducting white metal that is
shiny, relatively soft, melts at 850oC, and boils at 1440oC)
was placed into liquid water that was at 25oC. The calcium reacted slowly with the
water to give bubbles of gaseous hydrogen and a solution of the
substance calcium hydroxide.
- What are the physical and chemical properties described above?
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9
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- Do not depend on the amount of sample present.
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10
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- Mass gram
- Length meter
- Temperature Kelvin (or Celsius)
- Amount of substance mole
- Time second
- Electric Current Ampere
- Luminous Intensity Candela
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11
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- k (kilo) 1000 or 103
- c (centi) 1/100 or 10-2
- m (milli) 1/1000 or 10-3
- m (micro) 10-6
- n (nano) 10-9
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12
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13
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- Which will require greater stamina and endurance on your part, an
utterly boring 1-hr lecture or an equally boring micro-century lecture?
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14
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- Aerogel or “solid smoke” is a novel material that is made of silicon
dioxide, like glass, but is a thousand times less dense than glass
because it is extremely porous.
Material scientists at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory created
the lightest aerogel ever in 2002, with a density of 0.00011 lb/in3. The material was used for thermal
insulation in the 2003 Mars Exploration Rover. If the maximum space for insulation in
the spacecraft’s hull is 2510 cm3, what mass (in grams) will
the aerogel insulation add to the spacecraft?
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15
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16
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- Convert 25oC to oF
- Convert 25oF to oC.
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17
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- In the Willard temperature scale, water freezes at 345oW and
boils at 745oW.
Convert 36oC to oW.
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18
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- If diamonds cost $12960/scruple, what is the cost of diamonds per cubic
inch?
- (density of diamond = 3.51 g/cm3, 5 ct = 0.7716 scruple, 1 ct
= 0.20000 g)
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19
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- The density of alcohol at 20oC is 0.79 g/mL. The density of benzene at the same
temperature is 0.88 g/mL. How
many liters of alcohol would you get if you bought a pound of alcohol?
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20
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- Marvin is going on a cottage cheese diet. He will allow himself 1080 calories
per day. If one pint of cottage
cheese contains 180 calories, how many gallons of cottage cheese may
Marvin consume in one week?
- (1 qt = 2 pts, 1 gallon = 4 qt)
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21
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- An ore bed in an open pit gold mine yields 0.035 oz of gold per ton of
ore. The mine operates 20 hr/day
and shows an average profit of $25000 per day. It costs $200.00/oz to extract the
gold from the ore and gold is selling for $325.00/oz. If the ore trucks have a capacity of
85 tons, how many trips per hour must they make to achieve this level of
productivity?
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22
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- Harry’s dog eats 2.00 lb of dog food per day. Harry pays $18.00 for a 50.00 lb sack
of dog food. How much does it
cost to feed Harry’s dog for 12 years?
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Notes
